The irrigation automation process refers to the usage of technology in the agricultural process. The automation process is done with simple technological appliances and technologies. The large-scale irrigation field is divided into small segments and blocks to make the process even and optimized.

The irrigation process in farms takes place under different processes. The variation occurs with the system. There are commonly six high technical automation systems in farm fields.

They are diversified with opt technologies.

• Time-based irrigation
• Open-loop system
• Closed-loop system
• Dynamic demand system
• Computer-based irrigation controller
• Volume-based irrigation system

Time-based irrigation:

The time-based farming system is very common and most used. It is opted many years ago. Farmers feel time automation in the farming process can save more power and energy. Irrigation controllers and timers are adopted by small-scale and large-scale field users. A timer is a required tool that helps the automation process be efficient. Timers can keep irrigation and farming under control. You will not be needed to face any problems due to flaws. The frequency of the water will be increased. The timer will automatically start and stop the irrigation and farming process.

Open-loop system:

The operator will set the amount of water to be supplied to reach farmlands. In an open-loop system, the water quotient is automated with systematic tools and strategy.  The mechanical controller is programmed accordingly. The designed schedule will take care of the entire process. The controller also examines any issues that caused damages. It will report to the directing system.

Closed-loop system:

A general strategy of the main process s fixed manually. Though the entire process is automated, individual observation is also required, Like how much water is to be supplied and at what rate. The control is accessed with regular feedbacks. A closed-loop system will be implemented under the acquisition of environmental parameters. In simpler words, a closed system takes over the control of the automated system only with manmade data and input changes.

Dynamic demand system:

The plant root system is reflected and acted upon in the irrigation process. The degree of irrigation is determined by the planting parameters. It is optimized by sensors, climatic changes, weather requirements, humidity changes, temperature controllers, and irrigation schedules. There are many kinds of sensors that help this dynamic demand system. Rain sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors are commonly optimized automation that takes place in this process.

Computer-based irrigation controller:

The computer-based irrigation controller contains a combination of hardware and software. The supervision is optimized with managing irrigation controllers. The related process including fertigation and maintenance process generally takes over by drip irrigation system. It can also be varied into many categories based on the requirement of the plants and crops.

Volume-based irrigation system:

The volume-based irrigation system has opted firmly with pre-set timers and sensors. The amount of water to be supplied in the field segment is pre-set. The volume is controlled with optimized valves and sensors. The valves are called metering valves because they are operated with electronic meters.